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br WM astrocytes Grey matter astrocytes express a variety
2022-08-03

WM astrocytes Grey matter astrocytes express a variety of GluR types that have both physiological and pathophysiological significance [87]. Non-NMDA GluR are also expressed in WM astrocytes [40], although the functionality of these receptors has not been tested. The fibrous astrocytes that popula
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Peripheral injury or disease induced alterations in synaptic
2022-08-03

Peripheral injury- or disease-induced alterations in synaptic efficacy occur not only at the first synapse made by the primary nociceptive afferents in the spinal dorsal horn but are also operational in several regions processing the sensorimotor as well as emotional-affective components of pain, su
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br Methods br Results br
2022-08-03

Methods Results Discussion The measurement of intraocular pressure was made with a commercially available rebound tonometer, the Tonovet®. In our studies, Tonovet® underestimated the intraocular pressure in both animal models, being this effect more pronounced in the rat. To study the effe
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In order to test whether the enhanced hyperpolarization
2022-08-03

In order to test whether the enhanced hyperpolarization in the presence of increasing amounts of extracellular Ca2+ could be due to an ionophore effect of NS309, red cell uptake of 45Ca and partition of 45Ca into a water/n-octanol phase +/−100 μM NS309 were determined. However, no indication of iono
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rifadin Piezo channels can be activated by many mechanical s
2022-08-03

Piezo channels can be activated by many mechanical stimuli . While some of these stimulations directly mimic physiological forces experienced by rifadin , such as shear stress applied in a microfluidic chamber, the most commonly used modes of stimulation consist of stretching the membrane by apply
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Herein we report the discovery of AM
2022-08-03

Herein, we report the discovery of AM-3189 (). AM-3189 maintains the in vivo efficacy of AMG 837 while displaying a superior pharmacokinetic profile and minimal CNS exposure. As we reported previously, activity on the GPR40 receptor varies significantly with substitution at the β-carbon relative to
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br Acknowledgements We thank Kathy Spindler
2022-08-03

Acknowledgements We thank Kathy Spindler for helpful review of the manuscript. Expert technical assistance from Joel Whitfield in the University of Michigan Cancer Center Immunology Core is greatly appreciated. This research was supported by the American Heart Association (16GRNT30250013) and by
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The molecular mechanisms underlying VSMC ETB receptor upregu
2022-08-03

The molecular mechanisms underlying VSMC ETB receptor upregulation have been studied after 24–48h organ culture in both coronary and cerebral arteries. The increased expression of contractile ETB receptor at these time points has been shown to depend on transcriptional mechanisms and PKC and the ext
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TRRAP participates in embryonic development as
2022-08-03

TRRAP participates in embryonic development, as demonstrated by its binding with proteins regulating the Notch signaling pathway in fruit fly, the Ras signaling pathway in C. elegans, or the Wnt signaling pathway in 293T cells. Therefore we suspect that TRRAP variants, more especially those falling
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br Retrieval requires histamine H receptors in
2022-08-03

Retrieval requires histamine H1 receptors in dorsal hippocampus Retrieval is a dynamic process that requires neurotransmitter regulation (Barros et al., 2000, Barros et al., 2001). Recently, histamine, and histaminergic transmission has entered the list of putative neurotransmitter modulators of
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br Conflict of interest br Introduction Endometriosis is def
2022-08-03

Conflict of interest Introduction Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterus, most often in the pelvic peritoneum and ovaries. This disorder affects an estimated 10% of women in the reproductive age group and is basically an estrogen-dependent
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Mapping PPI networks is challenging
2022-08-03

Mapping PPI networks is challenging, as it is difficult to express and purify large variaties of Aurora A Inhibitor I in sufficient quantities to allow the study of interactions between them. Membrane-bound proteins are particularly difficult to purify in functional form due to their amphiphilic na
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2870 sale GSK is a critical component of the Wnt signaling p
2022-08-02

GSK-3 is a critical component of the Wnt signaling pathway. The Wnt/beta-catenin signal transduction pathway is important in normal growth and development and is also frequently dysregulated in cancer and other diseases. The Wnt/beta-catenin pathway is finely tuned by both positive and negative inte
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br Introduction High dose niacin or nicotinic acid has been
2022-08-02

Introduction High dose niacin, or nicotinic acid, has been used as an athero-protective drug for more than 50 years (Carlson, 2005, Offermanns, 2006). When taken in pharmacological doses (>1g/day), the nicotinic Lomerizine HCl form of niacin modulates plasma lipid profiles including decreasing c
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br Introduction Opioids have long been
2022-08-02

Introduction Opioids have long been used in pain management [1]. However, their non-medical use has grown rapidly in the last few years. Hydrocodone (HYD) is one of the most widely used short-acting opioids; with over 136.7 million prescriptions in 2011 [2]. HYD is a semi-synthetic opioid used fo
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