• br Introduction Addiction to opioids such as morphine is

  2021-02-26

  

  Introduction Addiction to opioids such as morphine is a chronic disorder that affects the mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic pathway in the brain. Activation of the pathway ultimately leads to dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) (Di Chiara et al., 1998) and stimulation of dopamine recepto

• br Roles of TLS polymerases outside DNA damage tolerance

  2021-02-25

  

  Roles of TLS polymerases outside DNA damage tolerance Preparing the ground for more DNA damage: adaptive responses through gene induction Conclusions and perspectives Although known for many decades, the relevance of TLS in genome stability is normally considered secondary to mechanisms tha

• Silvestrol A number of studies have been carried out to unde

  2021-02-25

  

  A number of studies have been carried out to understand lipid production pathways and to increase TAGs level in higher plants. Overexpression of key Silvestrol of the Kennedy pathway until now is by far the most successful strategy to increase TAG lipid content in Brassica napus, Arabidopsis thalian

• It has been reported that CysLT receptors

  2021-02-25

  

  It has been reported that CysLT2 receptors negatively regulate CysLT1 receptor-mediated response in allergic airway inflammation in mice. Knockdown of CysLT2 receptors augmented CysLT1 receptor-mediated mast cell proliferation [31] and eosinophilic airway inflammation induced by antigen challenge in

• Published results have revealed relationships between serine

  2021-02-25

  

  Published results have revealed relationships between serine 81 in AR and some CDKs, especially CDKs 1, 5 and 9 [12], [13], [14], [15], [16]. These results are often supported by pharmacological inhibition of a certain CDK. An effect of CDK1 inhibition on suppression of S81-phosphorylation was previ

• Nucleophosmin NPM which also plays a role on the nuclear

  2021-02-25

  

  Nucleophosmin (NPM1), which also plays a role on the nuclear export of ribosomal proteins and subunits (Maggi et al., 2008), is also a relevant MYC target, presumably through an interaction with CRM1. Conversely, it has been recently reported that specific SINE compounds reduce the levels of MYC in

• The assessment process is even more difficult when

  2021-02-25

  

  The assessment process is even more difficult when Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) components – whose internals are partially or totally unknown – come into play. COTS are being increasingly used by the industry to reduce costs and to shorten development (and possibly deployment) time. However, sinc

• Genomic DNA Isolation Kit br Inhibiting APC C during

  2021-02-25

  

  Inhibiting APC/C during Interphase and prior to Anaphase Because ubiquitylation by APC/C triggers cell division, it is essential that APC/C is restrained until cells are prepared for its substrates to be degraded. In addition to regulation by phosphorylation, an additional layer of control comes

• Ubiquitin activating enzyme activates ubiquitin by a three

  2021-02-25

  

  Ubiquitin-activating enzyme activates ubiquitin by a three-step process with ATP as a cofactor (Chen et al., 2011, Haas and Rose, 1982, Haas et al., 1982). We demonstrated that ATP is required for mRFP-Ub–E1 formation under non-reducing conditions (Fig. 2A). A time course of radioactive ATP product

• The important role of miRNAs in cellular differentiation has

  2021-02-25

  

  The important role of miRNAs in cellular differentiation has been proposed recently. Previous studies had suggested roles for different miRNAs during osteogenesis [20]. Certain miRNAs could promote osteoblast differentiation, such as miR-194 [20], whereas others could inhibit the cell differentiatio

• br Protein acetylation Several reports show that MTX

  2021-02-24

  

  Protein acetylation Several reports show that MTX is able to induce acetylation of histones and other proteins. Extensive studies have established that histone acetylation is primarily associated with gene activation. Acetylation occurs at lysine residues on the amino-terminal tail of the protein

• In this review focusing on biocatalyst formate dehydrogenase

  2021-02-24

  

  In this review, focusing on biocatalyst “formate dehydrogenase FDH” catalyzing both of the formic Riboflavin oxidation to CO2 and the CO2 reduction to formic acid, representative examples of properties, types, structure of active-site of FDH and, reaction mechanism of formic acid oxidation and CO2

• Although it is believed that CYP induction is regulated

  2021-02-24

  

  Although it is believed that CYP induction is regulated in humans in principle in the same fashion as in animals, some species differences in CYP3A enzymes induction were observed. Rifampicin is known to be a potent inducer of CYP3A4 in human hepatocytes, whereas pregnenolone-16α-carbonitrile (PCN)

• br Acknowledgments The authors thank

  2021-02-24

  

  Acknowledgments The authors thank Elisabete Lepera and Rosana Silva for technical support. The study was supported by FAPESP, CNPq and PADC/FCF-UNESP. T.T. Miguel was the recipient of a FAPESP (Proc. 05/05171-1) and R.L. Nunes-de-Souza of a CNPq (Proc. 303580/2009-7) fellowship. Introduction

• Unlike previous studies examining COMT genotyping in

  2021-02-24

  

  Unlike previous studies examining COMT genotyping in healthy controls seeking to explain impulsive behaviors, this study sought to examine COMT genotypes in a large sample of individuals with varying levels of gambling behavior to determine whether COMT A-1331852 was associated with differences in

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