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Taken together these assays demonstrate that SUMOD positioni
2019-07-19
Taken together, these assays demonstrate that SUMOD positioning is essential for all E3 ligases but dispensable for E2 and S*E2 sumoylation reactions. Thus, we propose SUMOD positioning as a key criterion to describe the enzymatic function of SUMO E3 ligases that distinguishes them from other enhanc
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Initially the E uses ATP to activate
2019-07-19
Initially, the E1 uses ATP to activate the C-terminal glycine residue of ubiquitin prior to ligation. In the first step of E1 activation, the E1 catalyzes the adenylation of ubiquitin and pyrophosphate (PPi) release. In the second step, the E1 releases adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and a thioester b
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In the present study DRD decreased in the VTA of
2019-07-19
In the present study, DRD3 decreased in the VTA of OA when compared with the control group. It is reported that DRD3 in the VTA control the firing rate of dopaminergic neurons and inhibition of these receptors enhance firing in the VTA-projecting neurons [18]. A study also indicated that morphine tr
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Herein we explored by docking
2019-07-19
Herein, we explored by docking studies the effectiveness of replacing the dimethyl substitution at C (6) of dihydrotriazine with a folded azaspiro-containing substituent, along with the introduction of differently substituted phenyl- and benzyl-rings or alkyl chains, linked at the position 1 of the
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In order to derive a better
2019-07-19
In order to derive a better understanding of the results from our SAR study, we utilized Glide to model the binding of the SAR compounds with the non-active site pocket of TS-DHFR shown in C. The majority of models position the phenolic moiety of these compounds within the non-active site pocket, wh
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br Results and discussion To check the hypothesis that
2019-07-19
Results and discussion To check the Curcumol to that the charge of α-synuclein can be altered due to the glycation, we measured zeta potential of native α-synuclein and α-synuclein glycated by two different glycating agents, methylglyoxal (MG) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GA-3-P). The value f
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br Conclusion br Funding source br Ethical approval br
2019-07-18
Conclusion Funding source Ethical approval Conflict of interest statement Introduction Traditionally, schizophrenia (SZ) was thought to be associated with neuronal dysfunction; however, the current hypothesis that myelin and, specifically, oligodendrocytes are also involved in the dev
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Due to cell cell interactions high concentrations of LTs
2019-07-18
Due to cell-cell interactions, high concentrations of LTs can be locally generated in a short period of time during an inflammatory response, thus potentiating LT function. The cellular communication can be mediated between immune cells as well as between immune cells other cell types. Several studi
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The question remained as to
2019-07-18
The question remained as to why hCrm1 was functional and mCrm1 was not in terms of Rev and HIV mRNA nuclear export, and previously we proposed three possibilities (Elinav et al., 2012). One was that human bace inhibitors had a positively acting factor that somehow stabilized the hCrm1 and Rev-RRE c
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Several single nucleotide polymorphisms SNPs in humans affec
2019-07-18
Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in humans affect CYP3A expression and activity (Lamba et al., 2002). The CYP3A4 SNP rs2740574 (also referred to as CYP3A4*1B, by The Human Cytochrome P450 (CYP) Allele Nomenclature Database, http://www.cypalleles.ki.se/) is a change in the promoter regi
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br Diseases which have been treated with
2019-07-18
Diseases which have been treated with proteins linked to HSA A number of therapeutic products conjugated to HSA have now been approved for clinical use (Table 2). For example, fatty IAA-94 solubility derivatives of human insulin bound to HSA have applications in the treatment of diabetes while pa
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br Outcome of COX overexpression Although a causal role
2019-07-18
Outcome of COX-2 overexpression Although a causal role for COX-2 has been proposed, mechanisms by which COX-2 function contributes to the pathogenesis of hyperplastic disease are not well defined. To examine if there is any correlation between COX-2 and p53 protein levels, Kumagai et al. [15] rec
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Here we report that ILC
2019-07-18
Here, we report that ILC3s sensed oxysterols through GPR183, which was highly expressed by LTi-like ILC3s. 7α,25-OHC-synthesizing enzymes were produced by fibroblastic stromal DGAT-1 inhibitor found in intestinal lymphoid structures, and the GPR183 ligand 7α,25-OHC acted as a chemoattractant for IL
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion
2019-07-18
Materials and methods Results Discussion The investigation of oxysterols is highly complex and challenging, arising not only from the large number of molecules in this family, but also due to their low abundance in biological systems compared to cholesterol and their susceptibility for auto
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Based on the SUMO SIM interaction involved in SUMOD position
2019-07-18
Based on the SUMO–SIM interaction involved in SUMOD positioning, a SUMO2ΔSBD (SIM-binding domain; Q30A, F31A, I33A) mutant can be investigated that disrupts this important binding interface (Eisenhardt et al., 2015; Meulmeester, Kunze, Hsiao, Urlaub, & Melchior, 2008). In Fig. 4A, multiturnover assa