• br Introduction The traditional Chinese medicine TCM Ganoder

  2023-10-27

  

  Introduction The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), Ganoderma (G.) lucidum Karst is a well-known mushroom which has been used clinically in some Asian countries. It is termed “Lingzhi” in China, “Reishi” in Japan and “Yeongji” in Korea. It has long been used in TCM for the promotion of longevity

• COPD is almost unheard of in individuals less

  2023-10-27

  

  COPD is almost unheard of in individuals less than 40 years of age (even among heavy smokers), 1 in 10 lifetime never-smokers and 1 in 3 develop COPD by age 75 [26], unquestionably, COPD is an age-related disorder. This notion of accelerated ageing of COPD is supported by animal models, which demons

• We further analyzed selected hit

  2023-10-27

  

  We further analyzed selected hit compounds for their ability to inhibit human AdK in intact cells. Human 1321N1 astrocytoma protease inhibitor cocktail were utilized which were found to express AdK. The whole cell assay was performed using a 96-well format. The standard AdK inhibitor 5-iodotubercid

• However although in vitro studies in heterologous systems ha

  2023-10-27

  

  However, although in vitro studies in heterologous systems have provided very important indications of potential novel pharmacology, the studies with endogenous receptors in native tissues are essential to provide evidence for GPCR heteromerization in vivo and to confirm its physiological relevance.

• Introduction hydroxytryptamine HT is found throughout the bo

  2023-10-27

  

  Introduction 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is found throughout the body and influences smooth muscle activity in various tissues including the intestine, vasculature and urinary CCT129202 (Kim and Camilleri, 2000, Klarskov and Horby-Petersen, 1986, Mohammad-Zadeh et al., 2008). The current classificat

• Cancer cells manifest characteristic abnormal

  2023-10-27

  

  Cancer Propidium iodide manifest characteristic abnormal growth properties accompanying clonal evolution of cells displaying progressively increasing genomic instability capable of invasion and metastasis to distant organ sites. With the emerging knowledge about the role of known oncogene and tumor

• The Rv c EQ protein was

  2023-10-27

  

  The Rv2477c-EQ2 protein was purified from 600 ml induced cultures following the same protocol described above. Elution of the mutant protein from the affinity resin was done using 200 mM imidazole. After concentration and buffer-exchange of protein as described above, the purity of the protein was c

• An alternative more rarely used electron microscopy

  2023-10-27

  

  An alternative, more rarely used, electron microscopy-based approach exploits labeling of phagosomes with DAMP (3-(2,4-dinitroanilino)-30-amino-N-methyldipropylamine). DAMP is a weakly basic compound which is membrane-impermeable once it has been protonated. This way, DAMPH+ accumulates in acidic in

• The reproducibility of the IC measurements in the Pf dhfr

  2023-10-26

  

  The reproducibility of the IC50 measurements in the Pf-dhfr yeast was far better than comparable measurements in P. falciparum in vitro [1]. This is probably due to the extremely low level of folate and para-aminobenzoic Reversine in the yeast growth medium. This is in contrast to culture of P. falc

• Various antiangiogenic drugs have been analyzed

  2023-10-26

  

  Various antiangiogenic drugs have been analyzed over the last few years; noteworthy, bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody against VEGF-A, alone or in combination with cytotoxic agents showed interesting results in terms of radiographic response rates and progression-free survival in initial phase 2 st

• br STAR Methods br Acknowledgments We thank Simcere

  2023-10-26

  

  STAR★Methods Acknowledgments We thank Simcere Pharmaceuticals, Nanjing, China, for providing a rabbit anti-VEGF neutralizing monoclonal antibody. We thank Dr. Schlisio in the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Karolinska Institute, for assistance with hypoxia assay. Y.C.’s laboratory is sup

• br Author contributions br Financial disclosures

  2023-10-26

  

  Author contributions Financial disclosures Acknowledgements We thank Ms. Eva So for the editorial assistance. This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81622015, 81571042 and 81501143) and the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2

• br Experimental section br Introduction Microglia were disco

  2023-10-26

  

  Experimental section Introduction Microglia were discovered as a novel cell population in bungarotoxin synthesis in 1933 by a Spanish physician and histologist Pío del Río-Hortega [1]. In the eye, scientists used Hortega's staining technique to label the microglia in the retinal outer plexifo

• br Distribution of OCT in rat brain To understand the

  2023-10-26

  

  Distribution of OCT3 in rat brain To understand the potential roles of this corticosterone-sensitive monoamine clearance mechanism in the regulation of monoaminergic neurotransmission and behavior, and its potential contribution to corticosteroid actions on behavior, we examined the rostrocaudal

• snx Our co IP data show

  2023-10-26

  

  Our co-IP data show that 5HT1A or 5HT2A receptors do not heterodimerize with mGluR1α receptors. Given that both 5-HT and mGlu receptors are GPCRs and produce anxiolytic effects, a degree of cooperativity via a functional cross-talk may still exist between these receptors [11]. In addition to the fun

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